The case was argued before the Supreme Court on October 12, 2012. University of Texas, a case involving a challenge to the use of race in admissions decisions at the University of Texas. Bollinger (2003), involving the University of Michigan and its undergraduate and law school admissions procedures. Bakke (1978), which held that the use of racial quotas is unconstitutional but that race can be used as a "plus" factor in admissions decisions. The Court's first decision in this line of cases was Regents of the University of California v. This study focuses on Supreme Court cases regarding the degree to which race can be used in admissions decisions. One way that public colleges and universities began to integrate their entering classes was by considering race in admissions decisions with the intention of admitting more African American students. Board of Education (1955) (Brown II), the Court ruled that integration of public schools and, by implication, colleges and universities was to proceed "with all deliberate speed." In response to Brown II, public colleges and universities that refused admissions to African American applicants had to alter their admissions procedures and begin admitting them. Board of Education (1954) (Brown I) held that racial segregation in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Abstract: The United States Supreme Court's landmark decision in Brown v.
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